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=Chapter 8 = =Lesson #1 The War for Independence =

At War With the Homeland

 * 1) ==== Fighting at Lexington and Concord[[image:http://ed101.bu.edu/StudentDoc/Archives/ED101sp08/rburka/map_over.jpg width="161" height="327" align="right" caption="The 13 colonies"]] ====
 * 2) Continental Congress met May 1775

The Second Continental Congress

 * 1) Patriots desire for peace and asked King George III to repeal the intolerable acts
 * 2) The congress voted to print our own paper money which became known as Continental currency
 * 3) The Second Continental Congress stood for the new unity of the 13 colonies

The Continental Army

 * 1) Washington left Philidelphia right away to take charge of his army
 * 2) the battle of bunker hill took place in boston and was one of the fiercest battle
 * 3) not much tranning the continentals went to war against the most powerful army in the world
 * 4) soldiers composed of men of every age starting from chilrden 15 and older white and black

The British Advantage

 * 1) The British used mercenaries, or hired soldiers
 * 2) The British had problems it was for them to fight 3,000 miles away from home [[image:http://s2.hubimg.com/u/2618165_f520.jpg width="222" height="274" align="right" caption="Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, and Thomas Jefferson writing the Declaration"]]
 * 3) The British had about 50,000 soldires and General Washington had no more then 10,000 soldiers
 * 4) Most Americans enlisted in the army for about a year at a time

The First Steps

 * 1) ==== Thomas Paine did the most change to Public Opinion ====
 * 2) The colonies no longer owed allegiance
 * 3) They formed a commitee to draw up a declaration
 * 4) Ben Franklin was from PA, John Adams from MA, and Thomas Jefferson from VA and he did most of the writing
 * 5) He was a lawyer

Writing the declaration

 * 1) Thomas Jefferson wanted his words to help the colonists win their war for freedom [[image:http://www.founding.com/repository/imgLib/20071018_declaration.jpg width="304" height="361" align="right" caption="The Declaration of Independence"]]
 * 2) Jefferson planed the declaration in several parts
 * 3) On june 28th the declaration was read out loud
 * 4) On the morning of July 2,1776 Lee's idea was approved with out a sigle "no" vote
 * 5) The 13 colonies had declared independence

Churches and the War

 * 1) People had to decide if they would support the rebelling colonies or the British king
 * 2) About a third of the colonists were Loyalists, and another third patriots
 * 3) The last third chose to remain neutral
 * 4) The need to choose sides made friends, neighbors, and families torn apart
 * 5) Factors affected peoples views on independence like religion
 * 6) Peter Muhlenberg, a young Lutheran minister, told his followers "There is a time to pray and a time to fight."
 * 7) Taking sides was especially hard for Angelican Church members
 * 8) Many Angelican's in the northern and middle colonies supported the king, but the southern colonies worked for independence

Women and War

 * 1) ==== Most women took part in the movement to gain freedom ====
 * 2) ==== Some women formed groups to raise money for the war and collected clothing for soldiers ====
 * 3) ==== Women took alot of place in the war, the women formed a group called the "Unmmarried Ladies of America" ====
 * 4) ==== Mary Ludwig Hays traveled with her husband when he enlisted in the Continental Army ====
 * 5) ==== Mary's husband fell in the war, she took his place firing the cannon ====
 * 6) ==== She fought with the North Carolina militia in the Battle of Moores Creek Bridge ====
 * 7) ==== patroit abigail adams wanted independence for woman as well as men ====
 * 8) ==== she wrote to her husband john, "if particular care and attention are not paid to the ladies we are determined to foment a rebllion amnd will not hold our seleves bound to obey ant laws in which we have no voice or representatiohn" ====

Native Americans and the War
Africans at the war lesson #4 [|Samuel's Choice] lesson #5 Victory and Independence
 * 1) Over the years America got angry at Britain
 * 2) native america depended on Europeans as trading partners
 * 3) Indains stayed out of the war
 * 4) some tribes were divided
 * 5,000 fought at war
 * 1) enslaved africans who enlisted in the armywere promised freedom after the war as a reward
 * 2) the soldiers wore patches that had readings of "Liberty of slaves"
 * 1) Young boy named Samuel Abraham was picked to fight in the war with General Washingtion
 * 2) Samuel took a trip across a lake in the pouring down rain with only a boat that was wrecked a hole in the sail
 * 3) He made it across, but at the end the boat wrecks

> || olive branch- A symbol of peace || > || Continentals- A soldier in the first colonial army, which was headed by George Washington || > || mercenaries- A hired soldier || > || enlist- To join || > || revolution- A sudden complete change of government || > || independence- Freedom to govern o n one's own || > || allegiance- Loyalty || > || declaration- An official statement || > || grievance- A complaint || > || neutral- Not taking a side in a conflict || > || pacifist- A believer in a peaceful settlement of diffenrences || > || movement- An effort by many people || > || encroach- To move onto without asking permission || > || regiment- A troop of soldiers || > || siege- A long-lasting attack || > || treaty- An agreement between countries || > || negotiate- To talk with one another to work out an agreement ||
 * Chapter 8 vocabulary ||